PH4271 Laser Physics

Review of atomic and molecular energy levels, time-dependent perturbation theory, radiative transitions, transition rates. Einstein A and B coefficients for spontaneous and stimulated radiative transitions, blackbody radiation. Optical attenuation and amplification, rate equations. Basic laser theory, gain saturation, homogeneous and inhomogeneous effects. Optical resonators, laser modes, coherence. Q-switching, mode locking, pulse compression, laser pumping, and tuning mechanisms. Gaussian beams. Introduction to multiple-mode and single mode optical fibers.

Prerequisite

PH3292, PH3352, PH2652

Lecture Hours

4

Lab Hours

1

Course Learning Outcomes

After completing this course, students will:

• Understand and apply key principles of atomic and molecular energy levels, radiative transitions, and time-dependent perturbation theory: Students will gain the ability to calculate transition rates, including Einstein A and B coefficients, and understand the processes of spontaneous and stimulated emission in the context of atomic and molecular systems.
• Analyze the fundamental concepts of laser operation and its underlying mechanisms: Students will develop a comprehensive understanding of laser theory, including the principles of optical amplification, gain saturation, and coherence. They will also explore advanced topics such as Q-switching, mode locking, and pulse compression.
• Examine the behavior and properties of optical fibers and Gaussian beams: Students will learn the characteristics of multiple-mode and single-mode optical fibers, as well as the propagation properties of Gaussian beams. They will also understand the principles of optical resonators, laser modes, and the mechanisms for laser pumping and tuning.